Modelowanie informacyjne historycznych budynków wybranych obiektów dziedzictwa kulturowego w regionie Morawy

Abstrakt

Due to current legislation, a local public body is obliged to preserve as-built documentation of its buildings. A form of as-built documentation has been currently transforming according to building information modelling methodology. As-built documentation of listed buildings is an important step in preserving cultural heritage and allows preserving as much information as possible about immovable cultural monuments for future generations. Currently, building information models (BIM) of the real estate cultural heritage objects are being produced due to digitizing and conserving entire buildings with all the construction details with respect to culture heritage needs. Land surveyors are responsible for data acquisition at the building site to deliver geometrically accurate and precise 3D spatial data for the following modelling process as well as georeferencing data to appropriate datum and reference coordinate system. The 3D spatial data is primarily represented by a point cloud acquired by laser scanning technology. Historic buildings typically contain unique construction elements of very different and often more complex geometric shapes, such as arches, columns, statues, attics, etc. Such elements need to be individually modelled from the point cloud with respect to the precision of the model. The modelling process of existing historic building elements becomes far more demanding than the design of the future building. Building elements for new buildings are available in the construction products BIM database for information modelling. n the other hand, a certain degree of generalisation must always be considered when modelling historical buildings. The building elements are more of an aesthetic nature. Hence, the modelling process needs to cover the geometrical shape of the element, construction assembly as well as material definition. The resulting model of the element is geometrically and visually affected by a generalization of spatial information. Nowadays, game development environment tools are increasingly used outside the video game industry, especially in architecture/construction/engineering, automotive, virtual production, etc. Thus, the information model can be delivered to a broader audience of stakeholders without vendor-locked software restrictions. Simultaneously, culture heritage value can be provided to the public in an immersive way. This paper discusses in which cases generalization in the sense of the level of information needed (LOIN) is involved and when it is already a geometric error of modelling regarding the needs of the public body and specification of public procurement. In this paper, the matters mentioned above are described using several case studies of the creation of an information model of listed buildings, namely the Maxmilian’s Court in Kroměříž and the Parish office in Cetkovice.