@article{PHAM_TRAN_NGUYEN_PHAM_2021, title={Research the Integration of Geodetic and Geotechnical Methods in Monitoring the Horizontal Displacement of Diaphragm Walls}, volume={1}, url={https://inzynieriamineralna.com.pl/index.php/testowe/article/view/251}, DOI={10.29227/IM-2021-02-30}, abstractNote={<p>This article investigates the integration of geodetic and geotechnical methods for monitoring<br>the horizontal displacement of diaphragm walls. The results show that when the horizontal displacement<br>is measured by the geotechnical method using an inclinometer sensor, the center point at the bottom of<br>the guide pipe is usually chosen to be the origin to calculate displacements of the upper points. However,<br>it is challenging to survey the bottom point for checking its stability directly. If this bottom point moves,<br>the observation results will be incorrect. Thus, the guide pipe must be installed in the stable rock layer.<br>But in the soft ground, this rock layer locates more deeply than the diaphragm walls, so the guide pipe<br>cannot be laid out at the required location. Geodetic methods can directly observe the displacement of the<br>center point on the top of the guide pipe with absolute displacement values at high accuracy. Because the<br>displacements of observation points are determined at stable benchmarks, these values are considered the<br>pipe’s displacement. Thus, an integrated solution allows the center point on the top of the pipe to be the<br>origin to calculate the displacements of different points located inside the diaphragm wall. Then, the<br>calculated values are calibrated back to the inclinometer observed values to achieve highly reliable<br>displacement, which reflects the moving of diaphragm walls. An experiment integrating the geodetic and<br>geotechnical methods is conducted with an observation point at a depth of 20 meters at a construction site<br>in Ho Chi Minh city. The deviations of the top point that are observed by the two methods are -4.37<br>millimeters and -3.69 millimeters on the X-axis and the Y-axis, respectively. The corrected observed<br>results prove that the integrated solution has a good efficiency in monitoring the horizontal displacement<br>of diaphragm walls. The bottom point observed by an inclinometer is unconfident enough to choose to be<br>a reference point.</p&gt;}, number={2}, journal={Inżynieria Mineralna}, author={PHAM , Quoc Khanh and TRAN , Ngoc Dong and NGUYEN , Thi Kim Thanh and PHAM , Van Chung}, year={2021}, month={grudz.} }